Archive
Volume 1, Issue 1
International Journal of Science and Engineering Applications (IJSEA)
Volume 1, Issue 1 - November 2012
SEISMIC HAZARD AND ITS MITIGATION IN NORTHEAST INDIA
Abstract:
Being fallen the entire North Eastern states of India in the Zone –V, the most seismic hazard zone (BIS-2002) and due to Geo- climatic condition, it is obvious that the region is highly prone to multiple natural disasters. Among these, the earthquake is the most destructive one causing huge loss of life and property. Earthquakes pose a real threat to India with 55% of its geographical area vulnerable to seismic disturbance. Many earthquakes occurred in the past and recently had shown that major damages to the structures took place in the absence of proper design, construction and quality control. The bye law and BIS Specification were not strictly followed in many structures and suffer damages in the earthquakes.
North East India is seismically one of the six most active regions of the World, the other five being Mexico, Taiwan, California, Japan and Turkey. In the recent past there were at least 17 major earthquakes with more than M 7 during the period from 1869 to 1988. Study of the Northeastern Indian’s earthquakes history and findings of seismological researches, the region is now due for a large major earthquake, which is expected in the region between the epicentre of Shillong earthquake, M-8.7 of 1897 and Patkai Range & Arunachal Pradesh , M-7 of 1950 in the near future. Earthquake hazards of North East India cannot be changed, however disaster can be mitigated. The most important steps for mitigation of hazard is the building up of capacity in Civil Engineering and Architectural Professionals for ensuring earthquake resistant constructions. Concerning the existing buildings and structures retrofitting is one of the most important options for mitigation of disaster as most of the destructions/ damages are caused due to the collapse of structure.
Keywords: Vulnerability, Seismic hazards, Mitigation, Destruction, Retrofitting.
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