The application of remote sensing sciences in the field of geology is very diverse and wide. One of its most important applications in earth sciences is geological mapping. Mineral exploration using remote sensing techniques is done in different ways, one of them is the mapping alteration zones related to mineral resources. Given the importance of remote sensing and geosciences in today's industry and given that deposit-related alteration areas are one of the most important exploratory keys. in this review study the mapping methods and alteration zones detection using remote sensing techniques and other applications of remote sensing in earth sciences and its generalities are explained.