Research on the basic theory of contemporary pedagogy from background to recent advances is conducted in this paper. The cultural nature of pedagogy means the existence of cultural hegemony in pedagogy, and cultural colonization directly affects the way of speaking and academic trajectory of comparative education scholars. Pedagogical knowledge, as one of the human knowledge categories, has been accompanied by the development of human society, the improvement of cognitive ability and the three major transformations of human knowledge type. The three major transformations of human knowledge have presented different knowledge beliefs, structures and contents, and thus different knowledge forms and paradigms in various historical periods. and paradigms. Hence, this paper gives the novel suggestions regarding the related studies.