This article first introduces the hazards of soil heavy metal pollution, and then takes a research area as the research object to investigate in detail the geochemical characteristics of soil heavy metal elements and their impact on IoT. Classic statistical methods and random forest methods are used to reveal the main controlling factors that affect the content and distribution of soil elements. Refer to relevant standards, evaluate soil quality from the two aspects of soil environmental quality and nutrient abundance, and use SPSS software to analyze and establish a model of the relationship between rice and soil heavy metals. The main research results have increased by 12.7%.