Although remarkable achievements have been made in the protection and utilization of agricultural germplasm resources over the years, there are still problems. This paper summarizes the current situation of the protection and utilization of crop germplasm resources in Yunnan Province and puts forward development ideas and suggestions for the protection and utilization of resources in the future. It is pointed out that the protection and utilization of germplasm resources are not systematic, the utilization rate of germplasm resources is low, breeding innovation is difficult, there is a lack of large-scale "breeding and promotion integration" enterprises, the infrastructure is not perfect, and the use of land for supporting facilities is difficult, and relevant suggestions are put forward in order to provide reference for the protection and utilization of germplasm resources, the selection and promotion of excellent varieties and the development of seed industry in China.