According to the user's social relationship, the joint distribution model of time and location of social network user nodes is constructed, and the cross-adaptive learning method is used to mine social network user preference information and detect related features. and its deep influence on the survival and development of people and the construction of social relations in the Internet age; based on the correlative theory of communitarianism. This paper proposes an innovation system for ideological and political education in colleges and universities from the perspective of big data, and further adopts the method of structured system analysis. From the perspective of big data, the network education system of colleges and universities has carried out in-depth research on layer-by-layer decomposition.