Mathematics and other cross-composition, its content is very abstract, theoretically strong, students have great difficulty in the learning process. In the new era, in order to further improve the teaching quality of data structure courses for computer majors in colleges and universities, when generating test cases, the one·test-at-a-time strategy is used to generate test cases that cover more total gains through sequential optimization ant colony algorithm. The pheromone update adopts a phased approach. The AHP method is used to evaluate the importance of each influencing factor, and then according to the weight of each influencing factor, the curriculum setting of computer majors in higher vocational colleges is modularized and refined, and a computer curriculum setting plan suitable for the characteristics of higher vocational colleges is formulated accordingly.