In view of the traditional urban development and planning thinking that emphasizes infrastructure construction while ignoring the construction of urban ecosystems, starting from the planning of urban rivers and lakes, the concept of urban wetlands is extended from the basic concept and development of wetlands, and the basic concepts of urban wetlands are analyzed. The current situation, analyzing the water system structure degradation, serious water pollution, channelization of water system, reduced sensitivity of water cycle, artificial revetment, and reduction of biodiversity in urban wetlands, such as water system, water quality, and water ecology. Pollution control issues and the comprehensive improvement of water environment will be focused on, and corresponding strategies will be proposed for reference.