This paper presents an intelligent temperature and smoke monitoring and alarm system based on STC89C52 single chip computer. The system uses STC89C52 single chip microcomputer as the core controller, integrates DS18B20 temperature sensor and MQ-2 smoke sensor, and can continuously monitor the ambient temperature and smoke concentration in real time. In addition, the system is equipped with a Bluetooth communication module, which enables it to transmit the monitored temperature and smoke data to the mobile device in real time, thus improving the dynamic and interactive monitoring. When the monitoring data exceeds the preset safety threshold, the system will not only immediately start the audible and visual alarm to warn the field personnel to take prompt action, but also send the alarm information to the preset mobile device through the Bluetooth communication module to ensure that the relevant personnel can timely understand the situation and take the necessary preventive measures, enhancing the timeliness and effectiveness of the system. The simulation and real debugging results show that the system can run normally, which has a certain significance for environmental safety monitoring.